Climate Diplomacy in a Multipolar World: A New Beginning?

Climate policy is no longer just an environmental concern—it has become a strategic field of diplomacy shaped by global power shifts, economic interests, and geopolitical tensions. As the international system moves deeper into a multipolar order, the fight against climate change is increasingly influenced by new actors, regional alliances, and competing national priorities (Chatham House, 2025). With COP30 approaching in Belém, Brazil, negotiations on climate finance, emission reductions, and global responsibility are entering a decisive phase. In this changing diplomatic landscape, countries like Türkiye hold a unique position, navigating between developed and developing nations while shaping their own climate vision.

Shifting Global Power Dynamics


Ahead of COP30, climate diplomacy is witnessing a redistribution of influence. China emphasizes “true multilateralism” in global climate governance (Modern Diplomacy, 2025), while developing nations actively challenge long-standing Western dominance in environmental policies (Global Observatory, 2025). These shifts signify not a crisis of diplomacy, but the birth of a more diverse, pluralistic negotiation framework.


Key Challenges in This New Era

• Power transitions and weakened trust in multilateral institutions have created uncertainty in global negotiations (Global Observatory, 2025).

• Disputes over responsibility, climate finance, and technology transfer continue to divide developed and developing countries.

• Security, trade, and geopolitical tensions frequently overshadow environmental commitments, slowing diplomatic progress.


Why This Moment Matters


Environmental diplomacy is now deeply connected to economic models, global prestige, and international cooperation. In a multipolar world:

• Emerging powers such as BRICS demand a stronger role in shaping climate decisions,

• Western countries must adapt their leadership to new global realities,

• Climate action becomes an instrument of soft power and global reputation.

Türkiye’s Role in the New Climate Diplomacy


Türkiye occupies a critical geopolitical bridge between the Global North and Global South, offering both challenges and opportunities in environmental diplomacy.

• Mediator of interests: Türkiye can serve as a diplomatic bridge—balancing the ambitious climate goals of developed nations with the development needs of the Global South.

• From follower to agenda-setter: With its ratification of the Paris Agreement and the Net Zero 2053 target, Türkiye is transitioning from passive observer to active contributor.

• Regional climate leadership: Through cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean, Black Sea, and Turkic States, Türkiye has the potential to lead in renewable energy, water security, and disaster diplomacy.

• Balancing economy and sustainability: Türkiye’s primary challenge is achieving economic growth while shifting towards low-carbon energy, industry, and transport.


If used strategically, this position could elevate Türkiye from a participant to an influential architect of future climate diplomacy.


Conclusion


Environmental diplomacy in 2025 is defined by its transition into a multipolar system—rich in complexity, yet full of opportunity. If states commit to fair, inclusive, and science-based cooperation, climate policy can move from the margins to the core of international diplomacy. For Türkiye, this moment represents not only a responsibility but also a historic opportunity to lead, mediate, and shape the future of global climate governance.


References

• Global Observatory. Reimagining Climate Diplomacy: How the Lines of Power and Multilateralism Are Being Redrawn. 2025.

• Chatham House. Climate Diplomacy in a Multipolar World: A New Beginning? 2025.

• Modern Diplomacy. China and the Upcoming 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference. 2025.

• UN Foundation. 5 Global Issues to Watch in 2025. 2024.

• Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. Türkiye’s Climate Change Action Plan and Net Zero 2053 Announcement. 2024.