On 4 December 2025, NATO’s Deputy Secretary-General Radmila Shekerinska attended the 32nd Ministerial Council of OSCE in Vienna — a clear signal that NATO remains committed to close cooperation with OSCE as two complementary pillars of European-Atlantic security. In her remarks, she underscored that OSCE continues to hold a “long-held and valuable place” within the rules-based international order — particularly emphasizing the enduring relevance of the 1975 Helsinki Final Act principles, which Russia’s war against Ukraine and aggressive posture toward neighbors have violated. Moreover, Shekerinska highlighted the renewed importance of conventional arms control regimes as tools to reduce military risk, prevent misunderstandings, build mutual trust, and strengthen the security architecture across Europe. On the sidelines of the conference she held bilateral talks — for example with the Foreign Minister of Azerbaijan, discussing security, defence, energy issues and NATO-OSCE cooperation — demonstrating NATO’s regional outreach and political-diplomatic engagement in addition to its military posture. This participation — at a time of heightened tensions and security challenges in Europe — reflects NATO’s strategy of combining military deterrence with diplomatic cooperation and conflict-prevention through multilateral institutions, reaffirming that security in the Euro-Atlantic space increasingly depends not only on defense but also on shared norms, partnerships, and collective crisis management.